{"id":452,"date":"2012-08-17T08:38:59","date_gmt":"2012-08-17T08:38:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/v2.irinelnicoara.ro\/aviatie\/?p=452"},"modified":"2023-12-06T21:57:36","modified_gmt":"2023-12-06T19:57:36","slug":"hawker-hurricane","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/aviatie-mircea-cantacuzino.ro\/en\/hawker-hurricane\/","title":{"rendered":"Hawker Hurricane"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"452\" class=\"elementor elementor-452\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6719251a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6719251a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-34c1f758\" data-id=\"34c1f758\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-55753dfa elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"55753dfa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Este un avion monopost pentru lupt\u0103 britanic, proiectat \u0219i predominant construit de <\/span><\/span><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"color: #000000; text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Hawker Aircraft <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Ltd pentru <\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Royal Air Force <\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">(RAF).<\/span><\/span><\/p><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Despre Hawker Hurricane- <\/span><\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Wikipedia<\/span><\/span><\/p><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><b>Role: <\/b>Avion pentru lupt\u0103<\/span><\/p><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><b>Maker:<\/b><\/span><\/p><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Hawker Aircraft<br \/>Gloster Aircraft Company<br \/>Canadian Car and Foundry<br \/>Austin Motor Company<\/span><\/span><\/p><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><b>Designer:<\/b><\/span><\/span> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Sydney Camm<\/span><\/span><\/p><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><b>First flight <\/b>6 November 1935<\/span><\/p><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><b>Introduction <\/b>1937<\/span><\/p><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><b>First users:<\/b><\/span><\/p><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Royal Air Force<\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><br \/><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Royal Canadian Air Force<\/span><\/span><\/p><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><b>Produced<\/b><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"> 1937\u20131944<\/span><\/span><\/p><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><b>Num\u0103r de aeronave construite: <\/b>14.533<\/span><\/p><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Hawker Hurricane<\/span><\/p><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Este un avion monopost pentru lupt\u0103 britanic, proiectat \u0219i predominant construit de <\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Hawker Aircraft<\/span><\/span><u> <\/u><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Ltd pentru <\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Royal Air Force <\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">(RAF).<\/span><\/span><\/p><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><b>Design and development<\/b><\/span><\/p><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><b>Hawker Hurricane <\/b><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">este un avion monopost pentru lupt\u0103 britanic, proiectat \u0219i predominant construit de <\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Hawker Aircraft <\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Ltd pentru <\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Royal Air Force <\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">(RAF). De\u0219i \u00een mare parte umbrit de Supermarine Spitfire, aeronava a devenit renumit\u0103 \u00een timpul b\u0103t\u0103liei din Marea Britanie, reprezent\u00e2nd 60% din victorii aeriene RAF \u00een lupt\u0103, \u0219i au slujit \u00een toate marile teatre al celui de-al Doilea R\u0103zboi Mondial.<\/span><\/span><\/p><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Designul din 1930, a evoluat, prin mai multe versiuni \u0219i adapt\u0103ri, rezult\u00e2nd o serie de aeronave care a ac\u021bionat \u00een calitate de interceptare-lupt\u0103tori, avioanele de v\u00e2n\u0103toare (de asemenea, numit &#8222;Hurribombers&#8221;), \u0219i aeronave la sol de sprijin. Versiunile ulterioare cunoscute sub numele de Hurricats Marea au avut modificari care au permis exploatarea de nave. Unii s-au convertit la fel de a catapulta -a lansat convoi escorte, cunoscut sub numele de &#8222;Hurricats&#8221;. Mai mult de 14.000 de Hurricats au fost construite p\u00e2n\u0103 la sf\u00e2r\u0219itul anului 1944 (inclusiv aproximativ 1.200 convertit la mare, iar unele Hurricanes 1400 construite \u00een Canada de c\u0103tre Car Canada \u0219i de turn\u0103torie).<\/span><\/p><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><b>Origini<\/b><\/span><\/p><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Hurricane a fost dezvoltat din Hawker ca r\u0103 spuns la Air Ministry specification F.36\/34 (modificat de F.5\/34) pentru un avion de v\u00e2n\u0103toare construit \u00een jurul valorii de noul motor Rolls-Royce, atunci cunoscut doar ca PV-12, mai t\u00e2rziu, pentru a deveni faimos ca Merlin. La acea vreme, RAF Fighter Command a cuprins doar 13 escadrile, fiecare echipat\u0103 fie cu Fury Hawker, Hart varianta Hawker, sau Bulldog Bristol &#8211; toate biplanele cu fix-pas elice din lemn \u0219i non-retractabil al p\u0103r\u021bilor mobile de proiectare, au \u00eenceput \u00een anii 1934, la Sydney Camm.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Planurile originale Sydney Camm depuse ca r\u0103spuns la caietul de sarcini al Ministerului Aerian au fost respinse. Camm a rupt propunerea \u0219i setul cu privire la proiectarea unui lupt\u0103tor ca o societate privat\u0103 Hawker. Cu economia \u00een minte, Hurricane a fost proiectat utiliz\u00e2nd multe instrumente existente, si dispozitive posibile (aeronava a fost efectiv o versiune monoplan de Fury Hawker de succes), si ace\u0219ti factori, care au fost o contributie majora la succesul aeronavei.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Designul a ajuns s\u0103 fie cunoscut sub numele de &#8222;monoplan Interceptor&#8221;, \u0219i p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een luna mai 1934, planurile au fost finalizate \u00een detaliu. Pentru a testa noul design, un model de o zecime la scara a fost f\u0103cut \u0219i trimis la Laboratorul Na\u021bional de Fizic\u0103 de la Teddington. O serie de teste in tunelul aerodinamic au confirmat calit\u0103\u021bile aerodinamice ale designului erau \u00een ordine, \u0219i p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een decembrie acel an, un full size din lemn mock-up al aeronavei a fost creat.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Construc\u021bia primului prototip, K5083, a \u00eenceput \u00een august 1935 \u0219i \u00eencorporeaz\u0103 motorul PV-12 Merlin motor. Sec\u021biunile realizate de aeronave au fost duse la Brooklands, \u00een cazul \u00een care v\u00e2nz\u0103tori au avut o adunare v\u0103rsat, \u0219i re-asamblate, la 23 octombrie 1935 de testare a solului \u0219i studii de taxi au avut loc \u00een decursul urm\u0103toarelor dou\u0103 s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni, \u0219i la 6 noiembrie 1935. Prototipul a zburat\u00a0 pentru prima dat\u0103, \u00een m\u00e2inile pilotului Hawker de testare \u0219ef, Zborul locotenent (mai t\u00e2rziu Grupul C\u0103pitanul) PWS Bulman. \u00a0Zborul locotenentului Bulman a fost asistat de doi pilo\u021bi. Philip Lucas a zburat unele dintre zborurile de \u00eencercare experimentale, \u00een timp ce John Hindmarsh a efectuat studiile firmei de produc\u021bie de avion Sammy Wroath. Mai t\u00e2rziu, urma s\u0103 fie comandantul fondator al Imperiul test Pilot School, a fost pilot de teste pentru RAF Hurricane \u0219i aprobarea lui entuziast\u0103 l-a ajutat s\u0103 intre \u00een produc\u021bie.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Proiectare<\/span><\/strong><\/p><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">De\u0219i mai rapid \u0219i mai avansat dec\u00e2t RAF, biplanul de lupt\u0103 circulant din prima linie, designul Hurricane, a fost deja dep\u0103\u0219it atunci c\u00e2nd a fost introdus. Este angajat tradi\u021bionalul Hawker cu tehnicile de construc\u021bie aeronavei biplane precedente, cu fixare mecanic\u0103, mai degrab\u0103 dec\u00e2t \u00eembin\u0103rilor sudate. El a avut o grind\u0103 Warren, de tip fuselaj cu tuburi de o\u021bel de \u00eenalt\u0103 rezisten\u021b\u0103 la trac\u021biune, peste care s-au a\u0219ezat, rame \u0219i lonjeroane care au format carcasa. \u00a0Un avantaj conferit de c\u0103tre structura tubului de o\u021bel au fost cojile tunului ce ar putea trece chiar prin p\u0103dure \u0219i \u021bes\u0103tura acoper\u0103 f\u0103r\u0103 s\u0103 explodeaze. Chiar dac\u0103 unul dintre tuburile de o\u021bel au fost avariate, lucr\u0103rile de repara\u021bii necesare au fost relativ simple de realizat prin groundcrew la aeroport. O structur\u0103 metalic\u0103, la fel ca Spitfire, cu o carcas\u0103 tun care explodeaz\u0103, necesar pentru mai multe echipamente specializate pentru a repara. Structura de mod\u0103 veche permis\u0103, de asemenea, ansamblul de Hurricane cu echipamente relativ de baz\u0103 \u00een condi\u021bii de teren. Hurricane-le create au fost asamblate \u00een Africa de Vest \u0219i au zburat peste Sahara, Orientul Mijlociu, \u0219i pentru a economisi spa\u021biu, unele portavioane Royal Navy ce au efectuat rezervele Hurricanes desfiin\u021bate \u00een adun\u0103rile lor majore, care au fost aruncate pe pere\u021bii etan\u0219i hangar \u0219i puntea de reasamblare atunci c\u00e2nd era necesar.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Ini\u021bial, structura aripii a constat \u00een dou\u0103 p\u0103r\u021bi din o\u021bel \u0219i de asemenea, \u021bes\u0103tur\u0103 neacoperit\u0103. Mai multe \u021bes\u0103turi pe arip\u0103, Hurricanes au fost \u00een serviciu \u00een timpul b\u0103t\u0103liei din Marea Britanie, de\u0219i un num\u0103r mare ar fi avut aripile\u00a0 \u00eenlocuite \u00een timpul sau dup\u0103 repara\u021biile de service. Pentru schimbarea aripilor,\u00a0 erau necesare doar trei ore de munc\u0103 pe aeronave. Un material all-metal, piele, duraluminium pe arip\u0103 (un caiet de sarcini Derd similar cu AA2024) a fost introdus \u00een aprilie 1939 \u0219i a fost folosit pentru toate m\u0103rcile ulterioare. &#8222;Aripile de metal decorticate permit o vitez\u0103 de scufund\u0103ri, care era de 80 mph (130 km \/ h) mai mari dec\u00e2t cele acoperite cu \u021bes\u0103tura. Au fost foarte diferite, \u00een construc\u021bii, dar sunt interschimbabile cu aripile acoperite cu material textil, \u0219i unul dintre avioanele de trial Hurricane, L1877, a zburat cu un material textil, aripa acoperit\u0103 de metal, tribord. Marele avantaj al aripilor de metal acoperite peste cele \u021bes\u0103tur\u0103, a fost, c\u0103 cele de metal ar putea transporta \u00eenc\u0103rc\u0103tur\u0103 mult mai mare de stres, f\u0103r\u0103 a avea nevoie de at\u00e2tea structuri.\u201d<\/span><\/p><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Una dintre priorit\u0103\u021bile Camm a fost de a oferi pilotului o bun\u0103 vizibilitate. \u00cen acest scop, cabina de pilotaj a fost montat\u0103 destul de ridicat\u0103, fuselajul, cre\u00e2nd un distinctiv &#8222;bizon sprijinit de&#8221; conturi. Accesul la cabina de pilotaj, pilotul a fost ajutat de un retractabil &#8222;etrier&#8221; montat sub marginea posterioar\u0103 a aripii portului. Acest lucru a fost legat de o clap\u0103, arc cu balamale, care a acoperit o priz\u0103 pe fuselaj, chiar in spatele cabinei de pilotaj. Atunci c\u00e2nd clapa a fost \u00eenchis\u0103, treapta era retractat\u0103 \u00een fuselaj. \u00cen plus, ambele r\u0103d\u0103cini ale aripilor au fost acoperite cu benzi de materiale non-alunecare.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00cen schimb, contemporanul Spitfire folose\u0219te construc\u021bii all-metal, monococa a fost, astfel, mai u\u0219oar\u0103 \u0219i mai puternic\u0103, de\u0219i mai pu\u021bin tolerant\u0103 la deteriorarea glon\u021bului. Cu u\u0219urin\u021ba sa de \u00eentre\u021binere, pe scar\u0103 larg\u0103, setul trenului de aterizare \u0219i caracteristicile de zbor, Hurricane a r\u0103mas \u00een uz \u00een teatrele opera\u021bionale \u00een care fiabilitatea, u\u0219urin\u021ba \u00een manevrare \u0219i o platform\u0103 stabil\u0103 arm\u0103 au fost mai importante dec\u00e2t performan\u021ba, de obicei, \u00een roluri, cum ar fi atacul la sol. Una din cerin\u021bele de proiectare din caietul de sarcini ini\u021bial a fost ca Hurricane, precum \u0219i Spitfire, a fost, de asemenea, s\u0103 fie utilizat ca un luptator de noapte. Hurricane s-a dovedit a fi o aeronav\u0103 relativ simpl\u0103 pentru a acoperi pe timp de noapte \u0219i a avut un rol esen\u021bial \u00een a trage \u00een jos c\u00e2teva avioane germane \u00een timpul orelor nocturne. De la \u00eenceputul anului 1941, Hurricane ar fi fost folosit ca po aeronav\u0103 &#8222;intrus&#8221;, patrularea aerodromurilor germane din Fran\u021ba, pe timp de noapte, \u00een \u00eencercarea de a prinde bombardiere de noapte \u00een timpul decolarilor sau ateriz\u0103rilor.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Produc\u021bie<\/span><\/strong><\/p><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Hurricane a fost comandat \u00een produc\u021bie \u00een luna iunie 1936, \u00een principal datorit\u0103 construc\u021biei sale relativ simple \u0219i u\u0219urin\u021ba de fabrica\u021bie. A\u0219a cum \u00een r\u0103zboi a fost din ce \u00een ce mai cautat, probabil, \u0219i timp a fost de esen\u021b\u0103 \u00een furnizarea de RAF, cu un avion de v\u00e2n\u0103toare eficient, nu era clar dac\u0103 Spitfire era mai avansate \u0219i ar intra \u00een produc\u021bia de lin, \u00een timp ce Hurricane a folosit tehnici\u00a0 de fabrica\u021bie. Acest lucru a fost valabil \u0219i pentru escadrilele de servicii, precum \u0219i cele cu experien\u021b\u0103 \u00een lucrul \u0219i repararea aeronavelor a c\u0103ror construc\u021bie au utilizat acelea\u0219i principii ca \u0219i Hurricane, precum \u0219i simplitatea designului s\u0103u permis de improviza\u021bie a unor repara\u021bii remarcabile \u00een ateliere escadron. Hurricane a fost, de asemenea, semnificativ mai ieftin dec\u00e2t Spitfire, necesit\u00e2nd 10,300 or\u0103 om pentru a produce mai degrab\u0103 dec\u00e2t pentru 15,200 Spitfire.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Zborul inaugural al avionului, prima produc\u021bie, propulsat de un motor Merlin II, a avut loc la 12 octombrie 1937. Primele patru avioane, pentru a intra \u00een serviciu cu RAF au al\u0103turat 111 Escadrile RAF la RAF Northolt \u00een decembrie. De la izbucnirea celui de-al Doilea R\u0103zboi Mondial, aproape 500 de Hurricane au fost produse, \u0219i-au echipat 18 escadroane.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00cen 1940, Lord Beaverbrook, care a fost Minister of Aircraft Production, stabile\u0219te o organiza\u021bie a carui num\u0103r de fabrici carui num\u0103r de produc\u0103tori au fost deta\u0219a\u021bi la repara\u021bii \u0219i revizii de lupt\u0103 deteriorat\u0103 Hurricanes. Civilian Repair Organisation de asemenea, revizuit de lupt\u0103, obosit de aeronave, care au fost ulterior trimise la unit\u0103\u021bile de formare profesional\u0103 sau la alte for\u021be aeriene, una din fabricile \u00een cauz\u0103 a fost Austin Aero Company\u2018s Cofton Hackett plant. Alta a fost \u00a0David Rosenfield Ltd, cu baza la Barton aerodrom aproape de Manchester.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Aproximativ 14,000 Hurricanes \u0219i Sea Hurricanes au fost produse.<\/span><\/span> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Majoritatea Hurricane-lor au fost construite de Hawker (care le-a produs p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 1944), cu sora companiei, Hawker. Gloster Aircraft Company, fac 2,750. Austin Aero Company construiesc 300. Canada Car and Foundry \u00een Fort William, Ontario, Canada, (unde Inginerul \u0218ef, Elsie MacGill, devine cunoscu ca \u201cRegele Hurricanlor) fiind responsabil cu produc\u021bia a 1400 de Hurricane, cunocut ca Mk X.<\/span><\/span><\/p><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00cen 1939, produc\u021bia de 100 Hurricane a fost ini\u021biat\u0103 \u00een Iugoslavia de Zmaj \u0219i Rogozarski. Din acestea, 20 au fost contruite de Zmaj din aprilie 1941. Unele dintre acestea au fost fixate cu DB 601 \u0219i test flown \u00een 1941.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Un contract pentru 80 de Hurricane a fost f\u0103cut cu Fairey\u2019s Belgian cu filiala Avions Fairey SA pentru Belgian Air Force \u00een 1938, cu inten\u021bia de a arma aceste avioanem cu patru mitraliere de 13.2 mm. Trei au fost construite \u0219i dou\u0103 au zburat cu acest armament, \u00een timpul <\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><i>Blitzkrieg <\/i><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00een Mai 1940, cu 12 mai pu\u021bine construite de Avions Fairey cu 8 mitraliere conven\u021bionale de calibru.<\/span><\/span><\/p><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Istorie opera\u021bional\u0103<\/span><\/strong><\/p><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Primul 50 Hurricanes a ajuns escadrila de mijloc a anului 1938. La acea vreme, produc\u021bia a fost pu\u021bin mai mare dec\u00e2t capacitatea RAF de a introduce aeronave noi \u0219i guvernul a dat v\u00e2nz\u0103torilor clearance-ul de a vinde surplusul na\u021biunii care ar putea s\u0103 se opun\u0103 expansiunii germane. Ca urmare, au existat unele v\u00e2nz\u0103ri modeste \u00een alte \u021b\u0103ri. Produc\u021bia a fost apoi a crescut\u0103 cu un plan de a crea o rezerv\u0103 de aeronave, precum \u0219i re-echiparea escadrilelor existente \u0219i cele nou-formate, cum ar fi cele din Air Force auxiliar. E schema de extindere includ un obiectiv de 500 de lupt\u0103tori de toate tipurile de la \u00eenceputul anului 1938. P\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een momentul de criz\u0103, M\u00fcnchen avea doar dou\u0103 escadrile pe deplin opera\u021bional, planificate cu 12 Hurricane. \u00a0P\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een momentul invaziei germane a Poloniei existau 18 escadroane opera\u021bionale Hurricane \u0219i de conversie\u00a0 trei mai mult.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><b>Epilog<\/b><\/span><\/p><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Luptele peste Arakan \u00een 1943 au reprezentat ultima folosire pe scar\u0103 larg\u0103 a avionului Hurricane.Au fost \u00eenc\u0103 utilizate \u00een rolul lupt\u0103tor-bombardier \u00een Birmania, p\u00e2n\u0103 la sf\u00e2r\u0219itul r\u0103zboiului \u0219i au fost ocazional prinse \u00een lupt\u0103, precum \u0219i \u00een aer. De exemplu, la 15 februarie 1944, Flg Off Jagadish Chandra Verma, Nr 6 Sqdn din Indian Air Force a fost \u00eenchis de Japanese Ki-43 Oscarnr 6: a fost victoria IAF numai r\u0103zboiului. Uraganul r\u0103mas \u00een serviciu ca luptator, bombardier Balcanilc \u0219i la domiciliu, precum \u0219i \u00een cazul \u00een care acesta a fost utilizat \u00een principal pentru a doua linie de sarcini \u0219i, ocazional, pilotat de pilo\u021bi a\u0219i. De exemplu, \u00een mijlocul lui 1944, asul Sqdn Leader \u2018Jas\u2019 Storrar a zburat Nr 1687 Hurricane Sqdn Leader &#8222;Iacov&#8221;, pentru a livra po\u0219ta prioritar\u0103 a armatei aliat\u0103 \u00een Fran\u021ba, \u00een timpul invaziei din Normandia.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Carierele opera\u021bionale ale avionului<\/span><\/p><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Articol principal: Hawker Hurricane variants<\/span><\/p><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Sea Hurricane devine opera\u021bional \u00een mijlocul anului 1941 \u0219i a \u00eenscris prima sa opera\u021bione de la HMS <\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><i>Furious <\/i><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00een 31 July 1941. \u00cen cursul urm\u0103torilor 3 ani, Fleet Air Arm Sea Hurricane au fost la un element fundamental \u00een timp ce opereaz\u0103 de la Royal Navy aircraft carriers. Sea Hurricane a marcat un impresionant raport de ucidere \u00een primul r\u00e2nd \u00een timpul ap\u0103r\u0103rii convoaielor Malta, \u0219i de exploatare de la transportatorii de escort\u0103 \u00een Oceanul Atlantic. Ca un exemplu, la 26 mai 1944, Royal Navy Sea Hurricanes opereaz\u0103 din escorta transportator HMS Nairana sus\u021bin\u00eend distrugerea a trei avioane de recunoa\u0219tere, Ju 290 \u00een timpul ap\u0103r\u0103rii unui convoi.<\/span><\/span><\/p><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><b>A\u0219ii Hurricane<\/b><\/span><\/p><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Pilo\u021bii de top Hurricane au fost Squadron Leader Marmaduke Thomas St. John \u201cPat\u201d Pattle, DFC &amp; Bar, cu 35 de victorii de lupt\u0103 (din 50 \u0219i dou\u0103 comune) servind cu nr 80 si 33 escadroane. Toate crimele sale au fost realizate peste Grecia, \u00een 1941. El a fost \u00eempu\u0219cat \u00een jos \u0219i ucis \u00een b\u0103t\u0103lia de la Atena. Comandantul aerian Frank Reginald Carey a sus\u021binut 28 de victorii aeriene \u00een timpul 1939-1943, \u0219i Squadron Leader William \u201cCherry\u201d Vale DFC \u0219i Bar, AFC total de 20 dobor\u00e2te (din 30) \u00een Grecia \u0219i Siria cu Nr. 80 Sqdn. F\/Lt Karel M. Kuttelwascher arhiv\u00e2nd toate cele 18 victorii aeriene cu Hurricane, cele mai multe ca un Intruder, Nr. 1 Sqdn. Pilot Officer V.C. Woodward (33 \u0219i 213 Squadrons) a fost alt top as cu 14 (din 18) plus 3 \u00eemp\u0103r\u021bite, cu F\/Lt Richard P. Stevens a sus\u021binut toate aeronavele inamice Hurricane. Richard <i>Dickie <\/i>Cork a fost liderul Fleet Air Arm Sea Hurricane as cu 9 distruse, 2 \u00eemp\u0103r\u021bite, unul probabil, 4 distruse \u0219i 7 distruse la sol<sup>.<\/sup>Pilotul ceh Josef Franti\u0161ek, a zburat cu 303 Polish Squadron, a dobor\u00e2t cel pu\u021bin 17 avioane inamice peste sud-estul Angliei \u00een perioada septembrie-octombrie 1940.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><b>Supravie\u021buitori<\/b><\/span><\/p><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Articol principal: List of Hawker Hurricane survivors. Mai mult de 14,500 de Hurricanes au fost construite, numai 12 au supravie\u021buit \u00een stare bun\u0103 de navigabilitate la nivel mondial, cu toate c\u0103 alte exemple non-zburatoare au supravie\u021buit \u00een diferite muzee aeriene. Dou\u0103 uragane canadiene construite, au fost achizi\u021bionate de c\u0103tre colectorul Lynn Garrison pentru expunere \u00een Calgary, Alberta. Una dintre acestea a f\u0103cut drumul s\u0103u spre Marea Britanie, unde acum zboar\u0103 la G-Huri.<\/span><\/span><\/p><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Specifica\u021bii (Hurricane Mk.IIC)<\/span><\/span><em><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Date de la Jane&#8217;s Fighting Aircraft of World War II<\/span><\/span><\/em><\/p><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: large;\">General characteristics<\/span><\/strong><\/p><ul><li><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Echipaj: 1<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Length:<b> <\/b>32 ft 3 in (9.84 m)<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Anvergura<\/span><\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><b>: <\/b><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">40 ft 0 in (12.19 m)<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Height:<b> <\/b>13 ft 1\u00bd in (4.0 m)<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Suprafata portant\u0103: 257.5 ft\u00b2 (23.92 m\u00b2)<\/span><\/p><\/li><\/ul><ul><li><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Greutate la gol: 5,745 lb (2,605 kg)<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Greutate cu \u00eenc\u0103rc\u0103tur\u0103: 7,670 lb (3,480 kg)<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Max. Greutate decolare<\/span><\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><b>: <\/b><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">8,710 lb (3,950 kg)<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Motopropulsor group: <\/span><\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">1 \u00d7 Rolls-Royce Merlin XX liquid-cooled V-12, 1,185 cp (883 kW) at 21,000 ft (6,400 m)<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/li><\/ul><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Performan\u021b\u0103:<\/span><\/p><ul><li><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Full speed: <\/span><\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">340 mph (547 km\/h) at 21,000 ft (6,400 m)<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Gama: 600 mi (965 km)<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Rata de urcare: 2,780 ft\/min (14.1 m\/s)<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00cencarcare arip\u0103: 29.8 lb\/ft\u00b2 (121.9 kg\/m\u00b2)<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Purete\/mas\u0103:<b> <\/b>0.15 hp\/lb (0.25 kW\/kg)<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Service ceiling: <\/span><\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">36,000 ft (10,970 m)<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/li><\/ul><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><b>Armament:<\/b><\/span><\/p><ul><li><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Arme: 4 \u00d7 20 mm (.79 in) Hispano Mk II cannon<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p class=\"times-new-roman-\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Bombe:<b> <\/b>2 \u00d7 250 or 500 lb (110 or 230 kg) bombe<\/span><\/p><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Este un avion monopost pentru lupt\u0103 britanic, proiectat \u0219i predominant construit de Hawker Aircraft Ltd pentru Royal Air Force (RAF). Despre Hawker Hurricane- Wikipedia Rol: Avion pentru lupt\u0103 Fabricant: Hawker AircraftGloster Aircraft CompanyCanadian Car and FoundryAustin Motor Company Proiectant: Sydney Camm Primul zbor: 6 November 1935 Introducere: 1937 Primii utilizatori: Royal Air ForceRoyal Canadian Air [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1732,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[157,172],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-452","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bazu-cantacuzino","category-flota"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/aviatie-mircea-cantacuzino.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/452","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/aviatie-mircea-cantacuzino.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/aviatie-mircea-cantacuzino.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aviatie-mircea-cantacuzino.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aviatie-mircea-cantacuzino.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=452"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/aviatie-mircea-cantacuzino.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/452\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aviatie-mircea-cantacuzino.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1732"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/aviatie-mircea-cantacuzino.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=452"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aviatie-mircea-cantacuzino.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=452"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aviatie-mircea-cantacuzino.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=452"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}